AR 6 Finding Aid to the ELSPETH P. STERLING NOTES, 1950s-1960s AR6 0.7 linear feet (2 boxes).   Abstract Notes about Maui archaeological sites and features, geography, history, ancient life and activities, folklore, and legends, compiled by anthropologist Elspeth P. Sterling, who was associated with Bernice P. Bishop Museum in Honolulu. The notes were prepared from late 18th and early-mid 19th century newspapers, journals, and books, although some notes were made from original manuscripts, interviews with local individuals, and letters she received. Sterling's original order of notes and districts has been retained. All notes are arranged by geographic district and locations on the Island of Maui. Only a few notes bear dates during the 1960s, with most of the rest probably prepared prior to that time. Donated in 1975. Accession number: 75-35-197.   Biographical Sketch Elspeth Lefar Petrie was born in Honolulu on June 6, 1917 to Thomas Herbert Petrie (1876-1935) and Eva MacGregor Petrie. Thomas Petrie was a vice president with Castle & Cooke, Ltd., and a member of the Territorial House of Representatives. Known as Espa, Elspeth was educated at Hanahauoli and Punahou Schools (1929-1935) in Honolulu. Later she attended Scripps College, Clairmont, California; Oregon State University, and University of Hawaii. While she was at Oregon State, she married Leon K. Sterling, Jr., to whom she was married until their divorce in the early 1950s. Mrs. Sterling became an expert on Japanese and Hawaiian language and culture, and was well known for her Hawaiian language translating abilities. Later, she served as a dedicated volunteer researcher in Hawaiian archaeology and history for Bernice P. Bishop Museum in Honolulu for nearly 20 years. With Dr. Alexander Spoehr, she organized the Bishop Museum Association in the early 1950s. When research funds were short in 1953, Mrs. Sterling supplied the money to purchase a jeep which enabled Museum anthropologists to excavate a prehistoric sand dune site at South Point on the Island of Hawai'i.   In 1961 Mrs. Sterling moved to Maui, where she continued the anthropological work she had begun at Bishop Museum. She worked with Sam Po and others. She was appointed a Research Associate in Anthropology in 1963. The same year she and Catherine C. Summers published Sites of Oahu, a twelve-volume work. The authors were commended by the Hawai'i State Senate for their outstanding work. Mrs. Sterling also published an Index to S.M. Kamakau's Ruling Chiefs. In 1969, Sterling received the Ho'omau I Ka 'Ike award for her work with the University of Hawaii Committee for the Preservation and Study of Hawaiian Language, Art, and Culture. She was a member of the Bishop Museum Association as served as its secretary in 1955-1956.   Scope and Content Note The collection consists of notes compiled by Elspeth Sterling about Maui archeological sites and features, geography, history and descriptions of life and activities, folklore, and legends. Generally each site or topic (e.g., "cultivation" or "fishing grounds") has its own page(s) of notes. Some site numbers also are included. Most of the notes are carbon copies or photocopies of Sterling's originals, with a few typewritten originals included. Most of Sterling's notes are from a variety of late 18th and early-mid 19th century newspapers, journals, books, and other secondary sources. Among the secondary journals excerpted are The Hawaiian Planter, and Hawaiian Annual.   Mrs. Sterling also prepared her notes from some primary sources, such as original manuscript materials, her own interviews with local individuals and others, and letters she received. Sources are cited by author's name or title, with date and page number. Some original sources, such as the notes of John F.G. Stokes, are listed as located among the collections of Bishop Museum. Still others, such as "Walker Ms," have no location listed. The abbreviation "HEN" refers to Hawaiian Ethnological Notes, the originals of which are held by the Bishop Museum. Spellings and punctuation in Hawaiian words remain as they were noted by Elspeth Sterling. Sterling's original order of notes and districts has been retained. All of the notes are arranged by geographic district and particular locations on the Island of Maui. Only a few of the (apparently) later notes bear dates indicating interviews made during the 1960s, with most of the rest probably prepared prior to that time.   1 1 Maui - General Territorial historic sites Districts in the Hawaiian Islands Maui chiefs District abbreviations - for site numbers not listed by Walker Ahupua'a Land subdivision Land terms Ancient name of Maui Former name Na Hono a Piilani Famous surfs and pools Fish beliefs Maui sharks Names of shark gods Mikololou, the man-eating shark Hawaiian fish deities Maui fish ponds Fishermen's shrines Petroglyphs Phrases for places Poetical names Maui place names Kaakaniau district Hinau Maui puuhonua Sacred albinos Kihapiilani tradition Battles Battle of Ka-moku-'ilima Population Robbery Work of Maui women Maui village sites Koolau Area 1 2 General Koolau Koolau shark Paving of the road Cultivation Sweet potatoes Eels of Koolau 1 3 E. Makaiwa - Honomanu Cultivation Relating to Eleio Honomanu Ko'a at Pepeiaolepo 1 3 E. Makaiwa - Honomanu (Continued) Nuuailua - Cultivation Kipapa o Kihapiilani 1 4 Keanae Heiau sites destroyed or not found Kukuialono Heiau and others Keanae Peninsula - Cultivation Keanae Valley - Cultivation Ka-imu-ki Fish pond - house sites 1 5 Wailuanui - Wailuaiki Kukuiaupuni Heiau Kaluanui Heiau Cultivation Kamilo Heiau Heiau of Ohia Makehau Heiau Hee Kupua Landings Kalaniopuu at Wailua Cook Off Wailua 1 6 Kaliae - Ulaino Waiohue, Hanawi - Cultivation Nahiku, Ulaino - Cultivation Nahiku - Kaluakelea Heiau Nahiku - Pohoula Heiau Nahiku - Haleaka Heiau Ulaino - Heiau at Lanikele Waiohue - Paka Island Kuula Nahiku - Hoolae-makua's Death Ulaino - Shelter cave Hana Area 1 7 General Hana Notes made during jeep ride Maui place names (perhaps collected in May 1922 by Kenneth P. Emory) North Hana - Cultivation South Hana - Cultivation Pele in Hana Hana district (Hana ka moku) Kaelelua battle site Koolau and Hana Hana saying 1 7 General Hana (Continued) Battle with Hoolae-makua Hana noted for... Choice of lands Sweet potatoes Battle march Kamehameha lands at Hana Landing of the canoes The three war lands 1 8 Makapuu - Kaeleku Honomaele - Piilanihale Heiau Honomaele - Battle of Kapalipilo Honomaele - Aiai in Honomaele 1 9 Wakiu - Wananalua Honokalani - Legend of Waianapanapa Honokalani - Waianapanapa Pool Honokalani - Kaukealii Heiau Honokalani - Ohala Heiau Ho'olae Rock Kawaipapa - Kawaipapa land Kawaipapa - Kaniomoku, Kawaipapa Heiaus Kawaipapa - Kaniomoku-Keaumuku Kawaipapa - Kaniomoku Heiau Kawaipapa - Heiau at Waikaloa Kawaipapa - Heiau Kawaipapa - Kaeleiula Heiau Kawaipapa - Kauleilepo-Kauleiula Wananalua - Punahoa Spring Features of Hana Wananalua - The story of the eel of Laumeki Wananalua - Kapo'ulakina'u and Ka-pueo-kahi (Her house site) Wananalua - Hawaii-kuauli Surf Wananalua - Aiai in Wananalua Wananalua - Canoe landing 1 9 Wakiu - Wananalua Wananalua - Honuaula, Kuawalu Heiaus Wananalua - Kaiapuni Wananalua - Heiaus in Hana Wananalua - Honuaula, Kuawalu Heiaus #2 Wananalua-Haneoo - Heiaus at Kauiki Wananalua - Kauiki Hill Wananalua - Battle sites Wananalua - A story of Kauiki 1 9 Wakiu - Wananalua (Continued) Wananalua - Kau'iki - hallowed hill Wananalua - Sites 113-116 Wananalua - Kaahumanu birth Kawaipapa - Kiha-a-Piilani at Kawaipapa Wananalua - War of Kaumupikao Wananalua - Peapea's death Wananalua - Kaeo at Kauiki Wananalua - Sweet potatoes at Kauiki Wananalua - Destroyed Heiau (Honuaula - site 111) Wananalua - Mapuwena Wananalua - Keeaumoku at Hana Wananalua - Strength of Kauiki Kawaipapa - Paving of the road Kawaipapa - Death of Kamehameha-nui Kawaipapa - Matthew Kalalau (interview by Sterling, 6-29-69) Wananalua - Kawalakii Wananalua - Honua'ula Heiau (Site 111) (Ka-imu-pika'o) Wananalua - Kauiki and Hana traditions (place names) Kawaipapa - Keanini surf and Popolana 1 10 Oloewa - Hulihana Kakio - Kuula Haneoo - Luumaikaua Heiau Ka Iwi o Pele and the eel Aleamai - Kapukaulua Kakio - Maka-alae Aleamai - Naming of Lehoula Aleamai - Ku-ula, the Fish God Kuula's Pond Aleamai - Ai-ai's home Ka Iwi o Pele Aleamai - Koahaepali Heiau Haneoo - Kahuwakahoku Heiau Haneoo - Alau Island Haneoo - Haneoo Fish Pond Hamoa - Hinaehi Heiau Hamoa - Pakiokio Heiau Hamoa - Haleolono Heiau Hamoa - Site 122 Hamoa - Ku-a-lanakila Hamoa - Puuhele Hamoa - Cultivation Hamoa - Hana noted for its low sky Hamoa - Kuamaka Pond Waiohonu - The banana field of Kahuoi Pukuilua - Kaiwionole, Kahokuwelowelo Heiaus 1 10 Oloewa - Hulihana (Continued) Pukuilua - Kakahau Heiau Pukuilua - Ahoa Heiau The twins Muolea - Kahekili at Muolea Haneoo - Fish Pond at Haneoo Puaaluu - Meaning of name Puuhaoa - Desecration of bones Hamoa - House site at Kumaka Puuiki - Puuiki kapu Puuiki - Phallic stone Puuiki - Surfing at Waiohonu Hamoa - Surf of Puhele 1 11 Muolea - Puuala Muolea - Kawaloa Heiau Koali - Haleokane Heiau Koali - Haleolono Heiau Koali - Heiau at Koali Paehala - Cultivation Muolea - The human shark Wailua - Cultivation Puuala - Poomanini Heiau Puuala - Heiau of Poomanini Muolea - Name variation Muolea - Plain of Makaliihanau Muolea - Poisonous seaweed Notes on Muolea lands   Kipahulu Area 1 12 General Kipahulu Cultivation Po'o fishing ground Kuahalau and Laka Makani kaili aloha The paving of the road 1 13 Kaumakani - Papauluana Papauluana burial cave Heiau of Napua Napua Heiau Oheo Gulch (Seven Pools) 1 14 Alaenui - Alaeiki Alaenui - Wailoa Heiau 1 15 Halemano - Kukuiula Kukuiula - Cultivation Kakalahale - Kanekauila Heiau Halemano - Mahinaula Heiau Maulili - Maulili Heiau Kukuiula - Heiau at Kukuiula Halemano - Waihee Heiau Maulili - Kuula at Maulili Kikoo - Hawaii chiefs God house Ma'ulili Maulili ? - Kakanoni Maulili - Surf of Kaleholeho 1 16 Kaapahu Cultivation Paokahi Heiau Puukaua - Fort Lelekea - Meaning Battle at Lelekea Battle of The-Red-Mantle Hale-i-ka-lea Water of Kua'i Lelekea - Birth place of Hele-i-pawa Kalo-iki Lelekea Kahikinui Area 1 17 General Kahikinui Kaipolohua Village Village sites Kahikinui burials Cultivation Kihapiilani Trail Fishing grounds Kane-kokala and Kane-wahine Hakalauai Heiau Kahikinui named Kahuahakamoa Kuula and Ko'a Sweet potatoes Conditions Kahikinui road House sites - mauka Missionary through Kahikinui Hiiaka in Kahikinui Forbes through Kahikinui Sites not listed by Walker Kahikinui Area (Continued) 1 18 Manawainui - Mahamenui Ka-makilo, mo'o Manawainui house sites Mahamenui - Site 170 Mahamenui - Heiau at Poloae Mahamenui - Heiau at Kamoamoa Mahamenui house sites Mahamenui - Kamoamoa village site 1 19 Nakaaha - Auwahi Lava of Hanaka'ie'ie Puwahi - Pele at Hanaka'ie'ie Uliuli village Puwahi - Makee village Auwahi - Manini village Auwahi - Auwahi forest Nakaaha - Site 173 Nakaaha - Site 174 Nakaohu - Nakaohu - Ka Lae o Ka Pulou villages Ka Lae o Ka Pulou - M-11 Date Nakaohu - Site 175 Nakaohu - Site 176 Nakaohu - Site 177 Kipapa - Heiau at Wailapa (Hale-o-Lono) Kipapa - Hale-o-Lono Heiau, Site 178 Kipapa - Kipapa village sites Kipapa - Kaohu fishing grounds Alena - Site 179 Alena - Heiau at Kepalaoa Alena - Site 181 Alena - Kaooa Heiau Alena - Alena house sites Lualailua - Site 182 Lualailua - Kaluakakalioa Heiau Lualailua - Site 184 Auwahi - Ahupuaa stone Auwahi - Heiau at Auwahi Lualailua - Heiau at Koholuapapa Auwahi - Heiau at Makee Lualailua - Momoku Heiau Hanamauloa village (Hanamauuloa) Lualailua - Hanamauuloa village Lualailua - Water in Lualailua Lualailua - Waiailio village sites Lualailua - Lualailua fishing grounds Luala'ilua - Pele at Luala'ilua Lualailua - Footprints Kahikinui Area (Continued) 1 19 Nakaaha - Auwahi (Continued) Lualailua - Footprints in the lava Lualailua - Footprints at Papaiki 1 20 Trees and Other Native Plants Used by Early Hawaiians Honuaula Area 1 21 General Honuaula Cultivation Shoreline Kaala-miki-hau, a shark Kai-o-Anehe, sea from Maalaea to Keoneoio The Heiaus of Honuaula Fishing grounds Kapu fish Pohakueaea Fish pond at Honuaula Naming of Honuaula Invasion 1 22 Kanaio - Papakakai Kanaio, Kaloi Kanaio - Pahua fishing ground Kaloi - Kalo'i house sites Kanaio - Lava tube and basin Kanaio - Heiau Ho-3 Kanaio - Ko'a Ho-4 Kanaio - Heiau Ho-2 Kanaio - Waiailio Village #2 Kanaio - Kauhuka Heiau Kanaio - Kohala Heiau Kanaio - Manonokohala Heiau Kanaio - Manokaahia Heiau Kaloi - Heiau at Keawanaku Kanaio - Papanuiokane Heiau Heiau Sites ? Pohaku'ula'ula Kanaio - Cave of Kaipolohua 1 23 Kalihi - Kanahena Kalihi - Kalua o Lapa flow Kalihi - Aa flow Kalihi - Pohaku paea Kalihi - Maui's last lava flow Puu Mahoe Keoneoio fish pond Ko'a of Kaulana Honuaula Area (Continued) 1 23 Kalihi - Kanahena (Continued) Kalihi - Heiau at Keoneoio Kalihi - Paalua Heiau Kanahena - Koula Heiau Kalihi - La Perouse Kalihi - Ko'i at Keone'o'io Kalihi - Keoneoio fish pond   1 24 Onau - Keauhou Puu Olai - Heiau at Puu Olai Puuolai - Onouli Puuolai Ko'a at Puu Olai Nanahu ko'a Ko'a at Paako Makena - Ke-awa-la'i-mau Makena fish pond Kaeo - Kalani Heiau Makena - Pohakunahaha Heiau Ulupalakua - Pueo ? Heiau Ulupalakua - Idol of Ulupalakua Ulupalakua - Ulupalakua Ulupalakua - Ulupalakua area Ulupalakua - Features of Ulupalakua Origin of Molokini Island Molokini origin Molokini Island - Molokini Island Makena - Sweet potatoes Makena - Kou trees Papaanui - Makena - meaning Ulupalakua - Derivation of name Kaeo (Makena) - Apuakehau fish pond   1 25 Palauea - Paeahu Palauea - Ko'a (Ho-1)   1 26 Kahoolawe Ke-ala-i-kahiki Archaeology of Kahoolawe Former name Ancient name Keanapou well (Kanapou) Canoe landing Opihi of Kahoolawe Kuula at Hakioawa Birth of Kahoolawe Kula - Haleakala Area   1 27 General Kula Sites not listed by Walker Kula